Advanced Functional Polymers and Nanocomposites

Articles

Vol. 1 (2026)

Research Progress of Photocatalytic Technology on Marine Anti-Fouling Coatings

Submitted
January 13, 2026
Published
2026-01-13

Abstract

With the continued expansion of the shipping industry, marine biofouling has emerged as a persistent challenge for vessels and offshore structures. Conventional antifouling coatings, while effective, often rely on toxic compounds that pose serious risks to marine ecosystems, highlighting the urgent need for environmentally benign alternatives. Among emerging solutions, photocatalytic antifouling coatings have attracted growing interest due to their eco-friendly nature. This review examines the mechanisms underlying marine biofouling, contrasts the environmental impacts of traditional and photocatalytic antifouling approaches, and elucidates the working principles of photocatalytic systems. Recent research showed that zinc oxide nanoparticles inhibited the growth rates of Spirulina, Dunaliella salina, and Muelleria filamentosa by 90.88%, 94.06%, and 92.49%, respectively, demonstrating their high potential for effective inhibition. A systematic overview of key photocatalysts, including titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfide, and carbon nitride, is provided, covering their performance attributes, modification strategies, and recent advances in application.

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